{"id":9566,"date":"2025-12-10T22:57:25","date_gmt":"2025-12-11T01:57:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eurolatinstudies.com\/?page_id=9566"},"modified":"2025-12-10T22:57:25","modified_gmt":"2025-12-11T01:57:25","slug":"vol-5-no-1","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/eurolatinstudies.com\/en\/vol-5-no-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Vol. 5 No. 1"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Latin American Journal of European Studies<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Latin American Journal of European Studies<\/h3>
PUBLISHED: 2025-18-06<\/div>

The Latin American Journal of European Studies (ISSN 2763-8685) is a publication of the Latin American Center of European Studies, currently supported by the Jean Monnet Network Policy Debate “BRIDGE Watch” project with funding from the Erasmus + Programme of the European Commission. With a focus on the editorial lines on European Union Law and Policies and International Relations of the European Union with third countries and Latin America<\/em>, the ninth edition of the Journal also has a thematic dossier on \u201cHuman Rights, Dignity, and Equality: A Dialogue between Latin America and Europe<\/em>\u201d organized by Martina Rojo of the Universidad del Salvador, (Argentina). The ninth edition of the Journal is open for submissions until\u00a0May 1st,\u00a02025.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Full Issue<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Editorial<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Aline Beltrame de Moura , Naiara Posenato<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Abstract<\/h4><\/section>

The Latin American Journal of European Studies (ISSN 2763-8685) is a publication of the Latin American Center of European Studies, currently supported by the Jean Monnet Network Policy Debate “BRIDGE Watch” project with funding from the Erasmus + Programme of the European Commission. With a focus on the editorial lines on European Union Law and Policies and International Relations of the European Union with third countries and Latin America<\/em>, the ninth edition of the Journal also has a thematic dossier on \u201cHuman Rights, Dignity, and Equality: A Dialogue between Latin America and Europe<\/em>\u201d organized by Martina Rojo of the Universidad del Salvador, (Argentina).\u00a0<\/p><\/section><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Dossier<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Authors:<\/h4>

Rui Guerra da Fonseca – https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8642-5792<\/p>

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Keywords:<\/h4><\/section>

Legal complexity; Access to justice; Human rights.<\/p>

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Abstract<\/h4>

This article examines the growing complexity of human rights protection systems and its effects on the effectiveness of their enforcement. The primary objective is to question whether the sophistication of these mechanisms\u2014material, formal, institutional, and procedural\u2014ultimately becomes an obstacle to access to justice rather than strengthening it. The adopted methodology consists of a critical analysis of global and regional protection structures (such as the United Nations, the ECtHR, and the Inter-American Court), highlighting their inherent complexities and the challenges they pose for both individuals and states.\u00a0It concludes that, while this increasing complexity reflects progress in international legal protection, it also introduces practical barriers, such as excessive procedural requirements, asymmetries between states, and risks of political judicialization. Inequality in accessing protection systems worsens in contexts of institutional fragility, undermining the universality that human rights seek to ensure. Finally, the article argues for the need to balance normative development with mechanisms that preserve accessibility, ensuring that excessive regulation does not ultimately compromise the very objectives it aims to protect.<\/p><\/section><\/section><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Rui Guerra da Fonseca<\/p>

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Author:<\/h4>

Jose Humberto Sahian – https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8130-3529<\/a><\/span><\/p>

Keywords:\u00a0<\/h4><\/section>

Human rights, private law, fundamental, conventional.<\/p><\/section>

Abstract<\/h4>

The \u201cconstitutionalization\u201d of private rights has been strengthened in recent years. We will exemplify this work with consumer rights, as a paradigmatic example of the rights of today\u2019s consumer society. Having clarified this \u201cfundamentalization\u201d of private law, we will highlight the trend toward the acceptance of a \u201cconventionalization\u201d of private law. This implies the consequent export of principles and standards from international human rights law to private law, for example, consumer rights. And, having established the above, the main objective of this work is to propose an inverse view of the connection between international human rights law and private law, that is, the influence of the latter on the former, enabling us to question a new hypothesis of\u00a0 \u201cprivatization\u201d of passive legitimacy in the control of conventionality. In other words, a symbiotic feedback loop is taking place, and human rights law must begin to be \u201cprivatized,\u201d emphasizing the idea of responsibility and, eventually, passive legitimization of companies.<\/p><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Jose Humberto Sahian<\/p>

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Author:<\/h4>

Walter Arevalo Ramirez – https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8501-5513<\/p>

Andr\u00e9s Rousset Siri – https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1435-9922<\/p>

Keywords:\u00a0<\/h4><\/section>

Freedom of Expression; Digital Era; Hate Speech.<\/p><\/section>

Abstract<\/h4>

This article examines the evolving landscape of freedom of expression in the digital era, focusing on the challenges posed by hate speech and the regulatory roles of states and digital platforms. Drawing upon the case-law of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights and principles established by other international and regional human rights bodies, including a dialogue with European experiences, it analyzes the delicate balance between protecting free speech and countering harmful discourse online. In the context of the workshop and special dossier on \u201cDigital Transformation and Innovative Solutions\u201d of the Latin American Journal of European Studies, the article synthesizes key principles regarding permissible restrictions on expression – emphasizing legality, legitimacy, necessity, and proportionality – and explores the specific responsibilities of digital intermediaries in moderating content while safeguarding fundamental rights. Ultimately, the article underscores the ongoing need for international cooperation and the development of guiding principles to navigate these complex issues, ensuring both the robust exercise of freedom of expression in digital spaces and the protection of democratic values against the dangers of online hate speech.<\/p><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Walter Arevalo Ramirez<\/p>

Andr\u00e9s Rousset Siri<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Author:\u00a0<\/h4>

Betzab\u00e9 Araya Peschke – https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3695-086X<\/a><\/span><\/p>

Keywords:\u00a0<\/h4>

Conscientious objection; voluntary termination of pregnancy; sexual and
reproductive rights.<\/p><\/section>

Abstract<\/h4>

Most of the regulations that regulate the voluntary interruption of pregnancy at a global level contain the possibility – for those who have some level of intervention and meet the necessary requirements imposed for it – to be exempted from the obligation to collaborate with the abortion practice through the figure of conscientious objection. This research focuses its critical analysis on the main vices that have been detected in the effective exercise of conscientious objection in Law No. 21,030, which regulates the voluntary interruption of pregnancy in three causes in Chile and its presence at a comparative level, shedding light on the dangers derived from pseudo or false conscientious objection and obstruction of services. At the end of these pages, some recommendations and concrete measures will be proposed that aim to prevent the continuous regression of women\u2019s sexual and reproductive rights, re-establishing the harmonic balance evidently lost between the voluntary interruption of pregnancy and true conscientious objection.<\/p><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Betzab\u00e9 Araya Peschke<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Author:\u00a0<\/h4>

Romina Gallardo Duarte – https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2909-9190<\/p>

Keywords:\u00a0<\/h4><\/section>

Obstetric Violence; Latin America; European Union.<\/p><\/section>

Abstract<\/h4>

This article analyzes the progress and challenges in the legal regulation of obstetric violence through a comparative analysis of legislation in Latin America and the European Union, as well as some jurisprudential opinions from human rights protection bodies in both regions. It also aims to examine the effective application of legislation and the right of access to justice in this area, especially in Uruguay, based on the author’s experience in legal practice. One of the conclusions reached is that the European Union still has a long way to go toward the legislative recognition of obstetric violence. Meanwhile, in Latin America, and particularly in Uruguay, the application of regulations recognizing obstetric violence, as well as the right of access to justice for women victims of obstetric violence, are critical issues that deserve special attention and merit further study.<\/p><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Romina Gallardo Duarte<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Author:\u00a0<\/h4>

Pablo Guerra – https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2586-7175<\/span><\/p>

Keywords:\u00a0<\/h4><\/section>

Prostitution; violence; gender.<\/p><\/section>

Abstract<\/h4>

In this article we will analyze the text and context of the Report of the Special Rapporteur on violence against women and girls of the UN Human Rights Council, entitled \u201cProstitution and violence against women and girls\u201d. We will do so, taking as a reference the watershed that operates with respect to the prostitution phenomenon and the different treatment carried out both in the European Union and in MERCOSUR. This division operates both in the field of civil society and in the field of public policies, fundamentally confronting the prohibitionist, abolitionist, alegal, regulatory and labor models. It is concluded that the Report, with an abolitionist orientation, is framed within the current disputes between the different models that are expressed most clearly in the countries of the European Union, while in Mercosur, \u201calegal\u201d positions predominate, with the exception of Uruguay (the only country in the region that regulates prostitution).<\/p><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Pablo Guerra<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Author:\u00a0<\/h4>

Celeste Carla Dimeglio – https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5803-0411<\/a><\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>

Keywords:\u00a0<\/h4><\/section>

Access to justice; barriers; persons with disabilities.<\/p><\/section>

Abstract<\/h4>

This paper analyzes the multiple barriers faced by persons with disabilities in accessing justice in Argentina, despite the existence of a progressive legal framework and the country’s adherence to international instruments such as the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). The main objective is to identify and assess the physical, communicational, attitudinal, and procedural obstacles that limit the full exercise of the right to justice on equal terms. The methodology employed is qualitative and documentary, based on an analysis of Argentine legal frameworks, civil society reports, and normative sources. The study also adopts an intersectional perspective, considering how factors such as gender, poverty, and membership in marginalized communities exacerbate discrimination. Among the most relevant findings are the inaccessibility of judicial buildings, insufficient training of justice system personnel in disability perspectives, lack of interpreters and accessible materials, and the persistence of practices that replace the will of persons with disabilities instead of fostering supportive systems that respect their autonomy. Special attention is given to the situation of women with disabilities, who face multiple and compounded forms of discrimination within the justice system. The final considerations emphasize the urgent need to implement coordinated measures among the State, the judiciary, and civil society. These include structural reforms, ongoing professional training, collection of disaggregated data, and the development of inclusive public policies. Only through such an integrated approach will it be possible to ensure real and effective access to justice for persons with disabilities, in line with the principles of equality, autonomy, and human dignity.<\/p><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Celeste Carla Dimeglio<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Author:\u00a0<\/h4>

Angel Oscar Piazza – https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1434-6964<\/span><\/p>

Keywords:\u00a0<\/h4><\/section>

Urban accessibility; people with disabilities; City of Buenos Aires.<\/p><\/section>

Abstract<\/h4>

This article aims to address the importance of urban accessibility for people with disability or handicapped. Being able to navigate safely on public roads, avoiding accidents, additional costs, and delays, is essential for accessing schools, health centers, sporting events, stadiums, etc. Equality and non-discrimination include the opportunity to take public transportation (by bus, taxi, train, metro, etc.) to work or simply to walk in public or private spaces. Figures are analyzed that show the percentage of people with disabilities in the global population. Amazing figures. Simple comparisons show us that by 2050, a growing number of people with disabilities will need to be taken into account when designing cities, their sidewalks and roads, bridges, building entrances and exits, shopping centers, public administration facilities, and many other examples. The priority for accessibility should not be limited to the installation of ramps or elevators, but rather to considering mobility for all types of disabilities, whether they are of any kind: motor, visual, auditory, visceral, intellectual, or mental. With a focus on what could be changed to make a cosmopolitan city like Buenos Aires, also associated with culture and education, a model of good practices in urban accessibility.<\/p><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Angel Oscar Piazza<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Authors:\u00a0<\/h4>

Byron Geovanny Castillo Garz\u00f3n – https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3372-6196<\/p>

Sebasti\u00e1n Arguello Escobar – https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9420-1943<\/p>

Shirley Romero Molina – https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5489-6254<\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>

Keywords:\u00a0<\/h4><\/section>

Indigenous rights; minorities; collective rights.<\/p><\/section>

Abstract<\/h4>

This article analyzes the advances and challenges in the protection of the rights of indigenous and minority communities in Latin America and Europe through a comparative study of two crucial rulings: Ruling No. 1779-18-EP\/21 of the Constitutional Court of Ecuador regarding the indigenous community of La Toglla, and Ruling HR-2021-1975-6 of the Supreme Court of Norway regarding the Fosen Vind case and the rights of the Sami people. Using a jurisprudential analysis methodology, we examine the similarities and differences in the legal approaches of both countries and how the courts of Ecuador and Norway have adopted international standards to protect collective rights, access to justice, and self-determination of communities. Consequently, this comparison allows us to identify trends in the interpretation of human rights in both regions, as well as the challenges that still need to be overcome in order to effectively enforce court decisions.<\/p><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Byron Geovanny Castillo Garz\u00f3n, Sebasti\u00e1n Arguello Escobar, Shirley Romero Molina<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Authors:\u00a0<\/h4>

David Gallo Ahumada – https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0145-2079<\/p>

Christian P\u00e9rez Morales – https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8577-4245<\/p>

Keywords:\u00a0<\/h4><\/section>

Victimology, human rights; Directive 2012\/29\/EU.<\/p><\/section>

Abstract<\/h4>

The main objective of this article is to critically analyze the serious lack of protection of victims in the Peruvian criminal process, under this premise we argue an antithesis between the validity of the rights of victims in the Peruvian criminal process and the standards\u00a0of protection applied in the European Union; this through a methodology based on the documentary and comparative analysis of the fundamental norms that regulate the rights of victims both in the country of Peru and in the European Union: The New Criminal Procedure Code (NCPP), Directive 2012\/29\/EU and the Victims’ Statute of the Kingdom of Spain. Likewise, through this research work, the main shortcomings in the implementation of public policies, the lack of training of legal operators in human rights and the absence of a victim-centric approach are evidenced. As a result of this research, it is noticed that, despite the rights stipulated in article 95\u00b0 of the NCPP, serious deficiencies persist in the protection of victims, such as the lack of access to effective mechanisms of redress and the lack of knowledge of the rights of victims within the criminal process. Finally, in a lex ferenda sense, we consider that there is an imperative need to implement structural reforms in the Peruvian process inspired by a European model of protection.<\/p><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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David Gallo Ahumada,\u00a0Christian P\u00e9rez Morales

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Authors:\u00a0<\/h4>

Amon Elp\u00eddio da Silva – https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1713-2846<\/p>

Jamile B. M. Diz – https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8709-0616<\/p>

Keywords:\u00a0<\/h4><\/section>

Conventionality control; Jurisprudence pro persona<\/em>; Climate emergency.<\/p><\/section>

Abstract<\/h4>

In an era of increasing change due to global warming, there is an urgent need for a human rights perspective on climate change. This article analyzes the limits and possibilities of conventionality control in the protection of human rights in contexts of climate emergency, focusing on pro persona jurisprudence and the case of Verein KlimaSeniorinnen Schweiz<\/em> and others v. Switzerland, judged by the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR). Initially, it explores the theoretical foundations of this principle and the interaction between domestic and international law, highlighting criticisms of the pro persona principle and the expansion of judicial powers. It then looks at the Verein KlimaSeniorinnen<\/em> case, in which a group of elderly Swiss women claimed human rights violations due to the Swiss government’s climate inaction. Using bibliographical and documentary research with a qualitative approach and a case study, it reflects on the challenges and perspectives of conventionality control in the climate emergency. The study relates this case to the pro persona principle and the control of conventionality, analyzing whether the ECtHR has expanded its role in interpreting human rights norms to strengthen individual protection in the face of climate change.<\/p><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Amon Elp\u00eddio da Silva, Jamile B. M. Diz<\/p>

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Author:\u00a0<\/h4>

Leila Devia – https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9641-2040<\/p>

Keywords:\u00a0<\/h4><\/section>

Migration, remittances; climate agenda.<\/p><\/section>

Abstract<\/h4>

This paper aims to analyze the role of remittances sent by migrants as a key economic resource for their communities of origin, particularly in contexts marked by social exclusion, lack of employment opportunities, and limited presence of both the state and the private sector. It explores whether these financial flows can become a driver of local development through productive investment. The methodology used is analytical-descriptive, based on the review of secondary sources and the critical analysis of the socioeconomic dynamics linking migration, remittances, and local development. The study focuses on interpreting remittances not merely as a temporary relief for immediate consumption but as a potential\u2014albeit limited\u2014opportunity for the creation of small and medium-sized enterprises when accompanied by appropriate public policies. The final considerations highlight that remittances are a consequence, not a solution, to state neglect and the lack of investment. While they may support processes of socioeconomic improvement, they cannot replace structural policies of development, inclusion, and financing. In this regard, it is essential to implement open and coherent policies on migration and remittances, including their possible role in addressing global crises such as climate change. Finally, the need for international cooperation is emphasized\u2014especially in the financial, environmental, and technological spheres\u2014in order to align objectives and make more strategic use of these financial flows.<\/p><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Leila Devia<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Authors:\u00a0<\/h4>

Ana Rosa Rodriguez – https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4156-625X<\/p>


Silvina Lujan Rigali – https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7264-5662<\/p>

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Keywords:\u00a0<\/h4><\/section>

Artificial Intelligence; Labor Rights; Neuro-rights.<\/p><\/section>

Abstract<\/h4>

This article analyzes the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on fundamental rights within labor relations, in a context marked by increasing automation, digital surveillance, and intensive use of personal data. Based on the hypothesis that, without guarantees of privacy and cybersecurity, fair working conditions and an equitable digital market cannot be sustained, the paper examines the ethical and regulatory challenges posed by the integration of algorithmic technologies and neurotechnologies in the workplace. Special attention is given to the European Union\u2019s Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act) and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), as key legal frameworks seeking to balance innovation with the protection of human rights. Through a qualitative methodology grounded in legal and bibliographic analysis and case studies, the study highlights the urgent need to establish boundaries on practices such as emotion recognition, mass biometric surveillance, and opaque automated decision-making. The article underscores the importance of strengthening transparency, human oversight, and the development of neuro-rights as emerging dimensions of protection against the new risks posed by AI in the workplace.<\/p><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Ana Rosa Rodriguez,\u00a0Silvina Lujan Rigali

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Author:\u00a0<\/h4>

Fabiana F\u00e9lix Ferreira – https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6680-6332.<\/p>

Keywords:\u00a0<\/h4><\/section>

Principle of non-discrimination; European Union; Court of Justice of the European Union.<\/p><\/section>

Abstract<\/h4>

At the European level, the principle of non-discrimination is expressly stated first and foremost in Article 2 of the TEU. In the context of the EEC, this principle exclusively reflected the rejection of any protectionist policy that might hinder, not only the creation of the common market, but more broadly the realization of any form of free trade. With the transition to the EU and, above all, the institution of European citizenship, on the other hand, the prohibition of non-discrimination becomes part of this restricted group of principles that characterize the profound purpose of the new European project – that is, the assimilation of the citizens of the member states – becoming an instrument for the affirmation of the EU as a unitary space based on identity. The research that is conducted concerns the Principle of non-discrimination within the European Union and the attribution of horizontal direct effects in the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice of the European Union.<\/p><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Fabiana F\u00e9lix Ferreira<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Articles<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Author:\u00a0<\/h4>

Roberto Ruiz D\u00edaz Labrano – https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5575-7315<\/p>

Keywords:\u00a0<\/h4><\/section>

Private Law; Private International Law; European Community Law.<\/p><\/section>

Abstract<\/h4>

Each State within the European Union’s community space has rules and mechanisms aimed at resolving issues and relationships that involve connecting factors indicating the possibility\u2014or potential\u2014of applying the private or civil law of another State, as well as determining the competent State jurisdiction; that is, matters pertaining to Private International Law. The legislative diversity among Member States, and consequently the variety of solutions or specificities of each State’s law, constitutes the domain of Private International Law. Due to the increasing number of legal ties and relationships developed by citizens of the Member States within the European integration process, there has been a push to enact community rules on the most relevant issues, with the aim of harmonizing applicable rules and determining competent jurisdiction. Indeed, with the establishment of the Single Market and the implementation of the free movement of persons, goods, and services, along with the freedom of establishment and operation for companies or corporations within the integrated space, the need arose to establish community norms through Regulations and Directives. Their special nature and the principle of primacy over domestic law support the assertion of the existence of a European Union Private International Law\u2014or the communitarization of Private International Law\u2014which is the focus of this paper. The construction of the integrated European space, regardless of the internal laws governing situations related to Member States and deriving from Private International Law, is incorporated into Community Law through Regulations and Directives, with due respect for their hierarchical order.<\/p><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Roberto Ruiz D\u00edaz Labrano<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Author:\u00a0<\/h4>

Julio Jes\u00fas Mormontoy P\u00e9rez – https:\/\/orcid.org\/my-orcid?orcid=0000-0003-2799-229<\/p>

Keywords:\u00a0<\/h4><\/section>

Digital dignity; posthumously; ChatBots.<\/span><\/p><\/section>

Abstract<\/h4>

Currently, there is no talk of another issue related to Artificial Intelligence (hereinafter AI) and how it creates mechanisms that facilitate domestic tasks that usually require human intervention or intelligence, such as teaching and learning at the university level, decision-making on aspects of life or problem solving, and so on. All this has advanced on an imperceptible scale, as it has been shown that by means of Generative A.I. (hereinafter A.I. Gen), it is even possible to replicate the image, face or features of a deceased person (elaboration of new faces or faces), in addition to reproducing their tone of voice with the personal expressions that they would have habitually promulgated during their life. which is the product of the use of the A.I. Gen. Therefore, one of the main objectives of this research is aimed at describing the importance that this situation is acquiring in people’s lives. In other words, all this is made possible due to the digital footprints or traces that each person leaves in the virtual space when making use of the web and its different areas or sites; all of which will be analyzed from the use of the scientific method as a general method and the descriptive method in an inductive way. Therefore, this leads us to rethink and rethink a new discourse that will be applicable to the affected person and, without prejudice to protecting at all times their dignity and their attributes due to their quality as a person, in addition, this may also lead us to rethink the concept of human dignity in constitutional texts and supranational norms with respect to posthumous digital dignity.<\/p><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Julio Jes\u00fas Mormontoy P\u00e9rez<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Author:\u00a0<\/h4>

Mat\u00edas Gonz\u00e1lez Mama – https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-3316-3213<\/p>

Ramiro \u00c1lvarez Ugarte – https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4180-6268<\/p>

Keywords:\u00a0<\/h4><\/section>

Regulation; Internet governance; Digital Services Act.<\/p><\/section>

Abstract<\/h4>

This article presents to the Digital Services Act (DSA) of the European Union as a possible candidate for a process of regulatory modeling, <\/em>one of the mechanisms through which the laws of a country or a region migrate to other latitudes. It is a relatively usual global phenomenon, which allows us to predict certain dynamics, such as the prevalence of central countries or the first-mover advantage. In this paper we start from the hypothesis that the DSA will become a regulatory model in Latin America, and we collect partial evidence in that regard. Through the comparative analysis of some bills that have been introduced in different countries of the region in recent years, we show that they show clear traces of the influence of the DSA in the imagination of the legislators who promoted them. We consider, then, that the modeling process that we predict is underway, at an early stage. To conclude, we warn about some problems or challenges involved in these types of processes: the need to be aware of the institutional infrastructure of the receiving countries (which is, in each country, notably different from European regulatory institutions); the need to account for the Inter-American human rights standards on freedom of expression (partially different from the European standards); and finally the need to be cautious before a novel norm, recently adopted, which can have problems that the practice has not revealed.<\/p><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Mat\u00edas Gonz\u00e1lez Mama,\u00a0Ramiro \u00c1lvarez Ugarte<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Authors:\u00a0<\/h4>

Aline Beltrame de Moura – https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0867-3560.<\/p>

Naiara Posenato – https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4261-5922.<\/p>

Nuno Cunha Rodrigues – https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5768-6937.<\/p>

Keywords:\u00a0<\/h4>

Judicial Independence; Selection Processes; Latin America.<\/p><\/section>

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Abstract<\/h4>

This article provides a comparative analysis of judicial selection and appointment processes in ten Latin American countries: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay. It examines how institutional frameworks shape the selection, nomination, and term length of judges in both lower and higher courts, highlighting differences in meritocratic, political, and electoral approaches. The study was developed as a result of an academic partnership between the Jean Monnet Network \u201cBRIDGE Watch: Valores y Democracia entre la Uni\u00f3n Europea y Am\u00e9rica Latina\u201d, co-funded by Erasmus+ Programme and the Inter-American Juridical Committee of the OAS. Based on data from national experts within the BRIDGE Watch network, the article identifies how these procedures affect judicial independence, representativeness, and public trust. By presenting regional trends and variations, it offers insights for reforms and the promotion of Rule of Law and democracy in Latin America.<\/p>

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Aline Beltrame de Moura,\u00a0Naiara Posenato,\u00a0Nuno Cunha Rodrigues\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Interview<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Abstract<\/h4>

Entrevista con la Dra. Mar\u00eda Alejandra M\u00e1ngano,
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Santiago Deluca<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Critical Review<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tD\u00edaz, B. C., dir. Derecho de familia internacional en un contexto de creciente migraci\u00f3n: cuestiones vinculadas con el Reglamento 2019\/111. Aranzadi, 2024.<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t
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Ra\u00fal Lafuente S\u00e1nchez<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Latin American Journal of European Studies Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Latin American Journal of European Studies PUBLISHED: 2025-18-06 The Latin American Journal of European Studies (ISSN 2763-8685) is a publication of the Latin American Center of European Studies, currently supported by the Jean Monnet Network Policy Debate “BRIDGE Watch” […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":607,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9566","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eurolatinstudies.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9566","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eurolatinstudies.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eurolatinstudies.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eurolatinstudies.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/607"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eurolatinstudies.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9566"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/eurolatinstudies.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9566\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9732,"href":"https:\/\/eurolatinstudies.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9566\/revisions\/9732"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eurolatinstudies.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9566"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}